:: Uniform Boundedness Principle :: by Hideki Sakurai , Hisayoshi Kunimune and Yasunari Shidama :: :: Received October 9, 2007 :: Copyright (c) 2007 Association of Mizar Users environ vocabularies TARSKI, RLVECT_1, FUNCT_1, PRE_TOPC, ARYTM, BOOLE, ABSVALUE, ARYTM_1, FCONT_1, FINSEQ_4, ARYTM_3, RELAT_1, SEQ_2, LATTICES, ORDINAL2, NORMSP_1, SUBSET_1, TOPS_1, METRIC_1, PCOMPS_1, NORMSP_2, PROB_1, BHSP_3, SEQ_1, SEQ_4, RINFSUP1, FUNCT_2, SEQM_3, RSSPACE3, LOPBAN_1, TDGROUP, MSUALG_3; notations TARSKI, XBOOLE_0, SUBSET_1, RELAT_1, FUNCT_1, FUNCT_2, PARTFUN1, PRE_TOPC, TOPS_1, STRUCT_0, ORDINAL1, CARD_3, NUMBERS, XREAL_0, RINFSUP1, COMPLEX1, REAL_1, NAT_1, XXREAL_0, VALUED_1, SEQ_1, SEQ_2, SEQM_3, SEQ_4, PSCOMP_1, RLVECT_1, TBSP_1, METRIC_1, PCOMPS_1, NORMSP_1, NORMSP_2, RSSPACE3, LOPBAN_1, NFCONT_1, INTEGRA2, KURATO_2; constructors REAL_1, COMPLEX1, SEQ_1, SETFAM_1, TOPS_1, TBSP_1, NFCONT_1, FRECHET2, NAT_1, PSCOMP_1, PARTFUN1, RINFSUP1, INTEGRA2, PROB_1, NORMSP_2, RSSPACE3, LOPBAN_1, XXREAL_2; registrations NUMBERS, XREAL_0, XBOOLE_0, XXREAL_0, ORDINAL1, RELSET_1, STRUCT_0, MEMBERED, SUBSET_1, NAT_1, NORMSP_1, NORMSP_2, FUNCT_2, LOPBAN_1, VALUED_0, VALUED_1; requirements REAL, NUMERALS, SUBSET, BOOLE, ARITHM; definitions TARSKI, RLVECT_1, METRIC_1, PCOMPS_1, NORMSP_2, RSSPACE3, LOPBAN_1, RINFSUP1, CARD_3, XCMPLX_0, NORMSP_1; theorems TARSKI, XBOOLE_1, SEQ_1, SEQ_2, RLVECT_1, FUNCT_2, XBOOLE_0, XREAL_1, XCMPLX_1, NORMSP_1, TBSP_1, PRE_TOPC, TOPS_1, NFCONT_1, XXREAL_0, FUNCT_1, NORMSP_2, RINFSUP1, ABSVALUE, XCMPLX_0, SEQM_3, INTEGRA2, SEQ_4, RSSPACE2, LOPBAN_1, LOPBAN_3, PROB_1, RSSPACE3; schemes FUNCT_2, FRAENKEL; begin :: Uniform Boundedness Principle theorem Th1: for seq be Real_Sequence, r be Real st seq is bounded & 0<=r holds lim_inf(r(#)seq)=r*(lim_inf seq) proof let seq be Real_Sequence, r be Real; assume A1: seq is bounded & 0<=r; inferior_realsequence seq in Funcs(NAT,REAL) by FUNCT_2:11; then A2: ex f be Function st inferior_realsequence seq = f & dom f = NAT & rng f c= REAL by FUNCT_2:def 2; (inferior_realsequence seq).0 in rng inferior_realsequence seq by FUNCT_2:6; then reconsider X1 = rng inferior_realsequence seq as non empty Subset of REAL by A2; inferior_realsequence seq is bounded by A1,RINFSUP1:58; then inferior_realsequence seq is bounded_above by SEQ_2:def 5; then A3: X1 is bounded_above by RINFSUP1:5; now let n be Element of NAT; seq ^\n in Funcs(NAT,REAL) by FUNCT_2:11; then ex f be Function st seq ^\n = f & dom f = NAT & rng f c= REAL by FUNCT_2:def 2; then reconsider Y1 = rng(seq ^\n) as non empty Subset of REAL by FUNCT_2:6; consider r1 be real number such that A4: 0 complete; coherence proof now let S1 be sequence of MetricSpaceNorm X; assume A1: S1 is Cauchy; reconsider S2=S1 as sequence of X; S2 is Cauchy_sequence_by_Norm proof let r be Real; assume r > 0; then consider p be Element of NAT such that A2: for n,m be Element of NAT st p<=n & p<=m holds dist(S1.n,S1.m) < r by A1,TBSP_1:def 5; now let n,m be Element of NAT; assume p<=n & p<=m; then dist(S1.n,S1.m) < r by A2; hence dist(S2.n,S2.m) < r by NORMSP_2:def 1; end; hence thesis; end; then S2 is convergent by LOPBAN_1:def 16; hence S1 is convergent by NORMSP_2:5; end; hence thesis by TBSP_1:def 6; end; end; definition let X be RealNormSpace, x0 be Point of X, r be real number; func Ball (x0,r) -> Subset of X equals { x where x is Point of X : ||.x0-x.|| < r }; coherence proof defpred P[Point of X] means ||.x0 - $1.|| < r; {y where y is Point of X : P[y]} c= the carrier of X from FRAENKEL:sch 10; hence thesis; end; end; theorem Th3: :: Baire category theorem - Banach space version for X be RealBanachSpace, Y be SetSequence of X st union rng Y = the carrier of X & (for n be Element of NAT holds Y.n is closed) holds ex n0 be Element of NAT, r be Real, x0 be Point of X st 0 < r & Ball (x0,r) c= Y.n0 proof let X be RealBanachSpace, Y be SetSequence of X; assume A1: union rng Y = the carrier of X & for n be Element of NAT holds Y.n is closed; now let n be Element of NAT; reconsider Yn = Y.n as Subset of TopSpaceNorm X; Y.n is closed by A1; then Yn is closed by NORMSP_2:15; then Yn` is open by TOPS_1:29; hence (Y.n)` in Family_open_set MetricSpaceNorm X by PRE_TOPC:def 5; end; then consider n0 be Element of NAT, r be Real, xx0 be Point of MetricSpaceNorm X such that A2: 0 < r & Ball(xx0,r) c= Y.n0 by A1,NORMSP_2:1; consider x0 be Point of X such that A3: x0 = xx0 & Ball(xx0,r) = {x where x is Point of X:||.x0-x.|| < r} by NORMSP_2:2; Ball (x0,r) = {x where x is Point of X : ||.x0-x.|| < r }; hence thesis by A2,A3; end; theorem Th4: for X,Y be RealNormSpace, f be bounded LinearOperator of X,Y holds f is_Lipschitzian_on the carrier of X & f is_continuous_on the carrier of X & for x be Point of X holds f is_continuous_in x proof let X,Y be RealNormSpace, f be bounded LinearOperator of X,Y; A1: dom f =the carrier of X by FUNCT_2:def 1; consider K being Real such that A2: 0 <= K & for x being VECTOR of X holds ||. f.x .|| <= K * ||. x .|| by LOPBAN_1:def 9; A3: now let x,y be Point of X; assume x in the carrier of X & y in the carrier of X; f/.x -f/.y =f.x +(-1)* f.y by RLVECT_1:29; then f/.x -f/.y = f.x + f.((-1)*y) by LOPBAN_1:def 6; then f/.x -f/.y = f.(x+(-1)*y) by LOPBAN_1:def 5; then A4: f/.x -f/.y =f.(x+-y) by RLVECT_1:29; 0<=||. x-y .|| by NORMSP_1:8; then ||.f/.x -f/.y .||<=K*||. x-y .||+||. x-y .|| by A2,A4,XREAL_1:40; hence ||. f/.x -f/.y .|| <= (K+1) * ||. x-y .||; end; 0 < (K+1) by A2; hence f is_Lipschitzian_on the carrier of X by A1,A3,NFCONT_1:def 13; hence A5: f is_continuous_on the carrier of X by NFCONT_1:52; hereby let x be Point of X; f|(the carrier of X) = f by FUNCT_2:40; hence f is_continuous_in x by A5,NFCONT_1:def 11; end; end; theorem Th5: for X be RealBanachSpace, Y be RealNormSpace, T be Subset of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st for x be Point of X ex K be real number st 0 <= K & for f be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st f in T holds ||. f.x .|| <= K holds ex L be real number st 0 <= L & for f be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st f in T holds ||.f.|| <= L proof let X be RealBanachSpace, Y be RealNormSpace, T be Subset of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y); assume A1: for x be Point of X ex KTx be real number st 0 <= KTx & for f be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st f in T holds ||. f.x .|| <= KTx; per cases; suppose A2: T <> {}; deffunc S0(Point of X,Real) = Ball($1,$2); defpred P[Point of X,set] means $2={||. f.$1 .|| where f is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :f in T}; A3: for x be Point of X ex y be Element of bool REAL st P[x,y] proof let x be Point of X; take y = {||. f.x .|| where f is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :f in T}; now let z be set; assume z in y; then ex f be bounded LinearOperator of X,Y st z=||. f.x .|| & f in T; hence z in REAL; end; hence thesis by TARSKI:def 3; end; ex Ta be Function of the carrier of X,bool REAL st for x be Element of the carrier of X holds P[x,Ta.x] from FUNCT_2:sch 3(A3); then consider Ta be Function of X,bool REAL such that A4: for x be Point of X holds Ta.x = {||. f.x .|| where f is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :f in T}; A5: for x be Point of X holds Ta.x is non empty proof let x be Point of X; A6: Ta.x = {||. f.x .|| where f is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :f in T} by A4; consider f0 be set such that A7: f0 in T by A2,XBOOLE_0:def 1; reconsider f0 as bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by A7,LOPBAN_1:def 10; ||. f0.x .|| in Ta.x by A6,A7; hence Ta.x is non empty; end; defpred P[Element of NAT,set] means $2={x where x is Point of X: Ta.x is bounded_above & sup(Ta.x) <= $1}; A8: for n be Element of NAT ex y be Element of bool the carrier of X st P[n,y] proof let n be Element of NAT; take y = {x where x is Point of X: Ta.x is bounded_above & sup(Ta.x) <= n}; now let z be set; assume z in y; then ex x be Point of X st z=x & Ta.x is bounded_above & sup(Ta.x) <= n; hence z in the carrier of X; end; hence thesis by TARSKI:def 3; end; ex Xn be Function of NAT,bool the carrier of X st for n be Element of NAT holds P[n,Xn.n] from FUNCT_2:sch 3(A8); then consider Xn be Function of NAT, bool the carrier of X such that A9: for n be Element of NAT holds Xn.n = {x where x is Point of X: Ta.x is bounded_above & sup(Ta.x) <= n}; reconsider Xn as SetSequence of X; A10: for n be Element of NAT holds Xn.n is closed proof let n be Element of NAT; for s1 be sequence of X st rng s1 c= Xn.n & s1 is convergent holds lim s1 in Xn.n proof let s1 be sequence of X; assume A11: rng s1 c= Xn.n & s1 is convergent; A12: Ta.(lim s1) = {||. f.(lim s1) .|| where f is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :f in T} by A4; A13: for y be real number st y in Ta.(lim s1) holds y <= n proof let y be real number; assume y in Ta.(lim s1); then consider f be bounded LinearOperator of X,Y such that A14: y=||. f.(lim s1) .|| & f in T by A12; A15: f is_continuous_in lim s1 by Th4; A16: dom f=the carrier of X by FUNCT_2:def 1; then rng s1 c= dom f by A11,XBOOLE_1:1; then A17: f*s1 is convergent & f/.(lim s1) = lim (f*s1) by A11,A15,NFCONT_1:def 9; then A18: lim (||. f*s1 .||) = ||. f/.(lim s1) .|| by LOPBAN_1:24; for k be Element of NAT holds ||. f*s1 .||.k <= n proof let k be Element of NAT; ||. f*s1 .||.k = ||. (f*s1).k .|| by NORMSP_1:def 10; then A19: ||. f*s1 .||.k =||. f/.(s1.k) .|| by A11,A16,NFCONT_1:8,XBOOLE_1:1; dom s1= NAT by FUNCT_2:def 1; then s1.k in rng s1 by FUNCT_1:12; then s1.k in Xn.n by A11; then s1.k in {x where x is Point of X : Ta.x is bounded_above & sup (Ta.x) <= n} by A9; then consider x be Point of X such that A20: x=s1.k & Ta.x is bounded_above & sup(Ta.x) <=n; Ta.x = {||. g.x .|| where g is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :g in T} by A4; then ||. f.(s1.k) .|| in Ta.(s1.k) by A14,A20; then ||. f.(s1.k) .|| <= sup (Ta.(s1.k)) by A20,SEQ_4:def 4; hence thesis by A19,A20,XXREAL_0:2; end; then A21: for i being Element of NAT st 0 <= i holds ||. f*s1 .||.i <=n; ||. f*s1 .|| is convergent by A17,NORMSP_1:39; hence y<=n by A14,A18,A21,RSSPACE2:6; end; Ta.(lim s1) is non empty by A5; then A22: sup(Ta.(lim s1)) <= n by A13,SEQ_4:62; A23: Ta.(lim s1) is bounded_above by A13,SEQ_4:def 1; Xn.n = {x where x is Point of X : Ta.x is bounded_above & sup (Ta.x) <= n} by A9; hence thesis by A22,A23; end; hence thesis by NFCONT_1:def 5; end; A24: union rng Xn is Subset of X by PROB_1:23; the carrier of X c= union rng Xn proof let x be set; assume x in the carrier of X; then reconsider x1=x as Point of X; A25: Ta.x1 = {||. f.x1 .|| where f is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :f in T} by A4; consider f be set such that A26: f in T by A2,XBOOLE_0:def 1; reconsider f as bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by A26,LOPBAN_1:def 10; A27: ||. f.x1 .|| in Ta.x by A25,A26; consider KTx1 be real number such that A28: 0 <= KTx1 & for f be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st f in T holds ||. f.x1 .|| <= KTx1 by A1; A29: for p be real number st p in Ta.x1 holds p <= KTx1 proof let p be real number; assume p in Ta.x1; then ex f be bounded LinearOperator of X,Y st p=||. f.x1 .|| & f in T by A25; hence p <= KTx1 by A28; end; then A30: Ta.x1 is bounded_above by SEQ_4:def 1; consider n be Element of NAT such that A31: KTx1 0.X holds r/(2*||.x.||)*x+x0 in S0(x0,r) proof let x be Point of X; assume x <> 0.X; then A37: ||.x.|| <> 0 by NORMSP_1:def 2; A38: ||.x.|| >=0 by NORMSP_1:8; A39: abs( ||.x.||") =||.x.||" by A38,ABSVALUE:def 1; A40: 0=0; then A46: 2*(M+n0)>=0; then A47: 0 <= KT by A32; A48: now let f be bounded LinearOperator of X,Y; assume A49: f in T; A50: for x be Point of X st x <> 0.X holds ||.f.x.|| <= KT*||.x.|| proof let x be Point of X; assume A51: x <> 0.X; then ||.x.|| <> 0 by NORMSP_1:def 2; then ||.x.|| >0 by NORMSP_1:8; then A52: 2*||.x.|| >0 by XREAL_1:131; then A53: r/(2*||.x.||) >0 by A32,XREAL_1:141; A54: ||. f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x+x0) .|| <= n0 by A33,A36,A49,A51; A55: (2*||.x.||)/r >0 by A32,A52,XREAL_1:141; set nrp1=r/(2*||.x.||); set nrp2=(2*||.x.||)/r; ||. f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x).|| =||.(r/(2*||.x.||))*f.x.|| by LOPBAN_1:def 6; then ||. f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x).|| =abs(r/(2*||.x.||))*||.f.x.|| by NORMSP_1:def 2; then A56: ||. f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x).|| =(r/(2*||.x.||))*||.f.x.|| by A53,ABSVALUE:def 1; A57: ||.f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x)+f.x0.|| =||.f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x+x0).|| by LOPBAN_1:def 5; set nr1=||.f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x)+f.x0.||; set nr2=||.f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x).||; set nr3=||.f.x0.||; ||.-(f.x0).||=||.f.x0.|| by NORMSP_1:6; then nr2-nr3<=||.f.(r/(2*||.x.||)*x)-(-f.x0).|| by NORMSP_1:12; then (r/(2*||.x.||))*||.f.x.||-nr3<=nr1 by A56,RLVECT_1:30; then A58: (r/(2*||.x.||))*||.f.x.||-nr3<=n0 by A54,A57,XXREAL_0:2; ||.x0-x0.||=||.0.X.|| by RLVECT_1:16; then x0 in S0(x0,r) by A32; then x0 in Xn.n0 by A32; then x0 in {x1 where x1 is Point of X : Ta.x1 is bounded_above & sup(Ta.x1) <= n0} by A9; then consider x1 be Point of X such that A59: x1=x0 & Ta.x1 is bounded_above & sup (Ta.x1) <= n0; Ta.x1 = {||. g.x1 .|| where g is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y :g in T } by A4; then ||. f.x0 .|| in Ta.x0 by A49,A59; then ||. f.x0 .|| <= sup (Ta.x0) by A59,SEQ_4:def 4; then nrp1*||.f.x.|| - M <= nrp1*||.f.x.|| - nr3 by XREAL_1:12; then nrp1*||.f.x.|| - M <= n0 by A58,XXREAL_0:2; then nrp1*||.f.x.|| + -M + M <= n0 + M by XREAL_1:8; then nrp2*(nrp1*||.f.x.||) <= nrp2*(n0+M) by A55,XREAL_1:66; then nrp1*nrp2*||.f.x.|| <= nrp2*(n0+M); then 1*||.f.x.|| <= nrp2*(n0+M) by A32,A52,XCMPLX_1:113; hence ||.f.x.|| <= KT*||.x.||; end; A60: for x be Point of X holds ||.f.x.|| <= KT*||.x.|| proof let x be Point of X; now assume A61: x = 0.X; then f.x = f.(0*0.X) by RLVECT_1:23; then f.x =0*f.(0.X) by LOPBAN_1:def 6; then A62: f.x =0.Y by RLVECT_1:23; ||.x.||= 0 by A61; hence ||.f.x.|| <= KT*||.x.|| by A62; end; hence thesis by A50; end; thus for k be real number st k in {||.f.x1.|| where x1 is Point of X : ||.x1.|| <= 1 } holds k <= KT proof let k be real number; assume k in {||.f.x1.|| where x1 is Point of X : ||.x1.|| <= 1}; then consider x be Point of X such that A63: k=||.f.x.|| & ||.x.|| <= 1; k <= KT*||.x.|| & KT*||.x.|| <=KT by A47,A60,A63,XREAL_1:155; hence thesis by XXREAL_0:2; end; end; for f be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st f in T holds ||.f.|| <= KT proof let f be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y); reconsider f1=f as bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by LOPBAN_1:def 10; assume f in T; then A64: for k be real number st k in PreNorms(f1) holds k <= KT by A48; ||. f .|| = sup PreNorms(f1) by LOPBAN_1:36; hence ||. f .|| <= KT by A64,SEQ_4:62; end; hence thesis by A32,A46; end; suppose A65: T = {}; take L = 0; thus thesis by A65; end; end; definition let X, Y be RealNormSpace, H be Function of NAT, the carrier of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y), x be Point of X; func H # x -> sequence of Y means :Def2: for n be Element of NAT holds it.n = (H.n).x; existence proof deffunc U(Element of NAT) = (H.$1).x; thus ex f being Function of NAT, the carrier of Y st for n be Element of NAT holds f.n = U(n) from FUNCT_2:sch 4; end; uniqueness proof let S1,S2 be sequence of Y such that A1: (for n be Element of NAT holds S1.n = (H.n).x) & for n be Element of NAT holds S2.n = (H.n).x; now let n be Element of NAT; S1.n = (H.n).x & S2.n = (H.n).x by A1; hence S1.n = S2.n; end; hence thesis by FUNCT_2:113; end; end; theorem Th6: for X be RealBanachSpace, Y be RealNormSpace, vseq be sequence of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y), tseq be Function of X,Y st ( for x be Point of X holds vseq#x is convergent & tseq.x = lim(vseq#x) ) holds tseq is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y & (for x be Point of X holds ||.tseq.x.|| <=( lim_inf ||.vseq.|| ) * ||.x.|| ) & for ttseq be Point of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y) st ttseq = tseq holds ||.ttseq.|| <= lim_inf ||.vseq.|| proof let X be RealBanachSpace, Y be RealNormSpace, vseq be sequence of R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y), tseq be Function of X,Y; assume A1: for x be Point of X holds vseq#x is convergent & tseq.x = lim(vseq#x); set T=rng vseq; set RNS=R_NormSpace_of_BoundedLinearOperators(X,Y); vseq in Funcs(NAT,the carrier of RNS) by FUNCT_2:11; then consider f0 being Function such that A2: vseq = f0 & dom f0 = NAT & rng f0 c= the carrier of RNS by FUNCT_2:def 2; for x be Point of X ex K be real number st 0 <= K & for f be Point of RNS st f in T holds ||. f.x .|| <= K proof let x be Point of X; vseq#x is convergent by A1; then ||. vseq#x .|| is bounded by NORMSP_1:39,SEQ_2:27; then ||. vseq#x .|| is bounded_above by SEQ_2:def 5; then consider K be real number such that A3: for n be Element of NAT holds ||. vseq#x .||.n< K by SEQ_2:def 3; ||. vseq#x .||.0< K by A3; then ||. (vseq#x).0 .|| < K by NORMSP_1:def 10; then A4: 0 <= K by NORMSP_1:8; for f be Point of RNS st f in T holds ||. f.x .|| <= K proof let f be Point of RNS; assume f in T; then consider n be set such that A5: n in NAT & f=vseq.n by FUNCT_2:17; reconsider n as Element of NAT by A5; (vseq.n).x = (vseq#x).n by Def2; then ||. f.x .|| = ||. vseq#x .||.n by A5,NORMSP_1:def 10; hence ||. f.x .|| <= K by A3; end; hence thesis by A4; end; then consider L be real number such that A6: 0 <= L & for f be Point of RNS st f in T holds ||.f.|| <= L by A2,Th5; A7: L + 0 < 1+ L by XREAL_1:10; for n be Element of NAT holds abs(||.vseq.||.n ) < (1+L) proof let n be Element of NAT; ||.vseq.n.|| <= L by A6,FUNCT_2:6; then ||.vseq.||.n <= L by NORMSP_1:def 10; then A8: ||.vseq.||.n <(1+L) by A7,XXREAL_0:2; 0<=||.vseq.n.|| by NORMSP_1:8; then 0<=||.vseq.||.n by NORMSP_1:def 10; hence thesis by A8,ABSVALUE:def 1; end; then A9: ||.vseq.|| is bounded by A6,SEQ_2:15; A10: for x,y be Point of X holds tseq.(x+y)= tseq.x + tseq.y proof let x,y be Point of X; A11: (for n be Element of NAT holds (vseq.n).x = (vseq#x).n) & vseq#x is convergent & tseq.x = lim (vseq#x) by A1,Def2; A12: (for n be Element of NAT holds (vseq.n).y = (vseq#y).n) & vseq#y is convergent & tseq.y = lim (vseq#y) by A1,Def2; now let n be Element of NAT; A13: (vseq.n).y = (vseq#y).n by Def2; A14: vseq.n is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by LOPBAN_1:def 10; (vseq#(x+y)).n=(vseq.n).(x+y) by Def2; then (vseq#(x+y)).n=(vseq.n).x + (vseq.n).y by A14,LOPBAN_1:def 5; hence (vseq#(x+y)).n=(vseq#x).n + (vseq#y).n by A13,Def2; end; then A15: vseq#(x+y) = vseq#x + vseq#y by NORMSP_1:def 5; tseq.(x+y) = lim (vseq#(x+y)) by A1; hence tseq.(x+y) = tseq.x + tseq.y by A11,A12,A15,NORMSP_1:42; end; A16: for x be Point of X, r be Element of REAL holds tseq.(r*x)= r*tseq.x proof let x be Point of X, r be Element of REAL; A17: (for n be Element of NAT holds (vseq.n).x = (vseq#x).n) & vseq#x is convergent & tseq.x = lim(vseq#x) by A1,Def2; A18: now let n be Element of NAT; A19: vseq.n is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by LOPBAN_1:def 10; (vseq#(r*x)).n=(vseq.n).(r*x) by Def2; then (vseq#(r*x)).n=r*(vseq.n).x by A19,LOPBAN_1:def 6; hence (vseq#(r*x)).n=r*(vseq#x).n by Def2; end; tseq.(r*x) = lim (vseq#(r*x)) by A1; then tseq.(r*x) = lim (r*(vseq#x)) by A18,NORMSP_1:def 8; hence tseq.(r*x) = r*tseq.x by A17,NORMSP_1:45; end; A20: for x be Point of X holds ||.tseq.x.|| <=( lim_inf ||.vseq.|| ) * ||.x.|| proof let x be Point of X; A21: for n be Element of NAT holds ||.(vseq#x).n.|| <= ||.vseq.n.|| * ||.x.|| proof let n be Element of NAT; A22: (vseq.n).x = (vseq#x).n by Def2; vseq.n is bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by LOPBAN_1:def 10; hence thesis by A22,LOPBAN_1:38; end; A23: (for n be Element of NAT holds (vseq.n).x = (vseq#x).n) & vseq#x is convergent & tseq.x = lim(vseq#x) by A1,Def2; then A24: ||. vseq#x .|| is convergent by LOPBAN_1:24; then A25: ||. vseq#x .|| is bounded by SEQ_2:27; A26: ||.x.|| (#) ||.vseq .|| is bounded by A9,SEQM_3:70; A27: for n be Element of NAT holds ||. vseq#x .||.n <= (||.x.|| (#) ||.vseq .||).n proof let n be Element of NAT; A28: ||. vseq#x .||.n = ||.(vseq#x).n .|| by NORMSP_1:def 10; A29: ||.(vseq#x).n .|| <= ||.vseq.n.|| * ||.x.|| by A21; ||.vseq.n.|| = ||.vseq.||.n by NORMSP_1:def 10; hence thesis by A28,A29,SEQ_1:13; end; A30: lim_inf (||.x.|| (#) ||.vseq .||) = ( lim_inf ||.vseq.|| ) * ||.x.|| by A9,Th1,NORMSP_1:8; A31: lim ||. vseq#x .|| = lim_inf ||. vseq#x .|| by A24,RINFSUP1:91; lim_inf ||. vseq#x .|| <=lim_inf (||.x.|| (#) ||.vseq .||) by A25,A26,A27,RINFSUP1:93; hence thesis by A23,A30,A31,LOPBAN_1:24; end; now let s be real number; assume A32: 0 0 ex n0 be Element of NAT st for n,m be Element of NAT st n >= n0 & m >= n0 holds ||.(vseq#x).n -(vseq#x).m.||< TK1 proof let TK1 be Real such that A14: TK1 > 0; set V = {z where z is Point of X : ||.x-z.|| = n0 & m >= n0 holds ||.((vseq#y).n) - ((vseq#y).m).|| < TK1/3 by A18,RSSPACE3:10; take n0; for n, m be Element of NAT st n >= n0 & m >= n0 holds ||.(vseq#x).n -(vseq#x).m.||< TK1 proof let n,m be Element of NAT; assume n >= n0 & m >= n0; then ||. (vseq#y).n - (vseq#y).m .|| < TK1/3 by A19; then ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .|| + ||. (vseq#y).n - (vseq#y).m .|| < ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .||+ TK1/3 by XREAL_1:10; then A20: ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .||+ ||. (vseq#y).n - (vseq#y) .m .|| + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x).m .|| < ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .||+ TK1/3 + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x).m .|| by XREAL_1:10; ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).m .|| <= ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .|| + ||. (vseq#y).n - (vseq#y).m .|| by NORMSP_1:14; then A21: ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).m .|| + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x ).m .|| <= ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .|| + ||. (vseq#y).n - (vseq#y).m .|| + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x).m .|| by XREAL_1:8; ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#x).m .|| <= ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).m .|| + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x).m .|| by NORMSP_1:14; then ||. (vseq#x).n -(vseq#x).m .|| <= ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .|| + ||. (vseq#y).n - (vseq#y).m .|| + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x).m .|| by A21,XXREAL_0:2; then A22: ||. (vseq#x).n -(vseq#x).m .|| < ||. (vseq#x).n - (vseq#y).n .||+ TK1/3 + ||. (vseq#y).m - (vseq#x).m .|| by A20,XXREAL_0:2; reconsider f = vseq.n as bounded LinearOperator of X,Y by LOPBAN_1:def 10; ||. (vseq#x).n-(vseq#y).n .|| = ||. (vseq.n).x-(vseq#y).n .|| by Def2; then ||. (vseq#x).n-(vseq#y).n .|| = ||.f.x-f.y.|| by Def2; then A23: ||. (vseq#x).n-(vseq#y).n .|| <= M*||.x-y.|| by A9,FUNCT_2:6; M*||.x-y.||