:: BORSUK_2 semantic presentation
E1:
for b1 being real number holds
( ( 0 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) iff b1 in the carrier of I[01] )
theorem :: BORSUK_2:1
proof
let c
1, c
2, c
3, c
4 be non
empty TopSpace;
let c
5 be
Function of c
1,c
2;
let c
6 be
Function of c
3,c
2;
assume that
E2:
( c
1 is
SubSpace of c
4 & c
3 is
SubSpace of c
4 )
and
E3:
([#] c1) \/ ([#] c3) = [#] c
4
and
E4:
c
1 is
compact
and
E5:
c
3 is
compact
and
E6:
c
4 is
is_T2
and
E7:
c
5 is
continuous
and
E8:
c
6 is
continuous
and
E9:
for b
1 being
set holds
( b
1 in ([#] c1) /\ ([#] c3) implies c
5 . b
1 = c
6 . b
1 )
;
set c
7 = c
5 +* c
6;
E10:
dom c
5 =
the
carrier of c
1
by FUNCT_2:def 1
.=
[#] c
1
;
E11:
dom c
6 =
the
carrier of c
3
by FUNCT_2:def 1
.=
[#] c
3
;
then E12:
dom (c5 +* c6) =
[#] c
4
by E3, E10, FUNCT_4:def 1
.=
the
carrier of c
4
;
(
rng c
5 c= the
carrier of c
2 &
rng c
6 c= the
carrier of c
2 )
by RELSET_1:12;
then
(
(rng c5) \/ (rng c6) c= the
carrier of c
2 &
rng (c5 +* c6) c= (rng c5) \/ (rng c6) )
by FUNCT_4:18, XBOOLE_1:8;
then
rng (c5 +* c6) c= the
carrier of c
2
by XBOOLE_1:1;
then reconsider c
8 = c
5 +* c
6 as
Function of c
4,c
2 by E12, FUNCT_2:4;
take
c
8
;
thus
c
8 = c
5 +* c
6
;
for b
1 being
Subset of c
2 holds
( b
1 is
closed implies c
8 " b
1 is
closed )
proof
let c
9 be
Subset of c
2;
assume E13:
c
9 is
closed
;
E14:
( c
8 " c
9 c= dom c
8 &
dom c
8 = (dom c5) \/ (dom c6) )
by FUNCT_4:def 1, RELAT_1:167;
then E15: c
8 " c
9 =
(c8 " c9) /\ (([#] c1) \/ ([#] c3))
by E10, E11, XBOOLE_1:28
.=
((c8 " c9) /\ ([#] c1)) \/ ((c8 " c9) /\ ([#] c3))
by XBOOLE_1:23
;
E16:
for b
1 being
set holds
( b
1 in [#] c
1 implies c
8 . b
1 = c
5 . b
1 )
proof
let c
10 be
set ;
assume E17:
c
10 in [#] c
1
;
now
per cases
not ( not c
10 in [#] c
3 & c
10 in [#] c
3 )
;
suppose E18:
c
10 in [#] c
3
;
end;
suppose
not c
10 in [#] c
3
;
end;
end;
end;
hence
c
8 . c
10 = c
5 . c
10
;
end;
then E17:
(c8 " c9) /\ ([#] c1) = c
5 " c
9
by TARSKI:2;
then E18:
c
8 " c
9 = (c5 " c9) \/ (c6 " c9)
by E15, E17, TARSKI:2;
c
5 " c
9 c= the
carrier of c
1
;
then
( c
5 " c
9 c= [#] c
1 &
[#] c
1 c= [#] c
4 )
by E3, XBOOLE_1:7;
then
c
5 " c
9 c= [#] c
4
by XBOOLE_1:1;
then reconsider c
10 = c
5 " c
9 as
Subset of c
4 ;
c
6 " c
9 c= the
carrier of c
3
;
then
( c
6 " c
9 c= [#] c
3 &
[#] c
3 c= [#] c
4 )
by E3, XBOOLE_1:7;
then
c
6 " c
9 c= [#] c
4
by XBOOLE_1:1;
then reconsider c
11 = c
6 " c
9 as
Subset of c
4 ;
reconsider c
12 = c
10 \/ c
11 as
Subset of c
4 ;
reconsider c
13 = c
5 " c
9 as
Subset of c
1 ;
reconsider c
14 = c
6 " c
9 as
Subset of c
3 ;
( c
13 is
closed & c
14 is
closed )
by E7, E8, E13, PRE_TOPC:def 12;
then
( c
13 is
compact & c
14 is
compact )
by E4, E5, COMPTS_1:17;
then
( c
10 is
compact & c
11 is
compact )
by E2, BORSUK_1:42;
then
c
12 is
compact
by COMPTS_1:19;
hence
c
8 " c
9 is
closed
by E6, E18, COMPTS_1:16;
end;
hence
c
8 is
continuous
by PRE_TOPC:def 12;
end;
theorem :: BORSUK_2:2
canceled;
theorem :: BORSUK_2:3
theorem E2: :: BORSUK_2:4
:: deftheorem E3 defines are_connected BORSUK_2:def 1 :
:: deftheorem E4 defines Path BORSUK_2:def 2 :
:: deftheorem E5 defines arcwise_connected BORSUK_2:def 3 :
:: deftheorem E6 defines Path BORSUK_2:def 4 :
E7:
( 0 in [.0,1.] & 1 in [.0,1.] )
theorem E8: :: BORSUK_2:5
definition
let c
1 be non
empty TopSpace;
let c
2, c
3, c
4 be
Point of c
1;
let c
5 be
Path of c
2,c
3;
let c
6 be
Path of c
3,c
4;
assume that
E9:
c
2,c
3 are_connected
and
E10:
c
3,c
4 are_connected
;
func a
5 + a
6 -> Path of a
2,a
4 means :
E9:
:: BORSUK_2:def 5
for b
1 being
Point of
I[01] holds
( ( b
1 <= 1
/ 2 implies a
7 . b
1 = a
5 . (2 * b1) ) & ( 1
/ 2
<= b
1 implies a
7 . b
1 = a
6 . ((2 * b1) - 1) ) );
existence
ex b1 being Path of c2,c4 st
for b2 being Point of I[01] holds
( ( b2 <= 1 / 2 implies b1 . b2 = c5 . (2 * b2) ) & ( 1 / 2 <= b2 implies b1 . b2 = c6 . ((2 * b2) - 1) ) )
proof
set c
7 =
P[01] 0,
(1 / 2),
((#) 0,1),
(0,1 (#) );
set c
8 =
P[01] (1 / 2),1,
((#) 0,1),
(0,1 (#) );
set c
9 = c
5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ));
set c
10 = c
6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ));
set c
11 =
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) +* (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )));
E11:
dom (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) =
the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,(1 / 2))
by FUNCT_2:def 1
.=
[.0,(1 / 2).]
by TOPMETR:25
;
E12:
dom (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) =
the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace (1 / 2),1)
by FUNCT_2:def 1
.=
[.(1 / 2),1.]
by TOPMETR:25
;
E13:
(
dom c
5 = the
carrier of
I[01] &
dom c
6 = the
carrier of
I[01] )
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then E14:
rng (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) c= dom c
5
by RELSET_1:12, TOPMETR:27;
rng (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) c= the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,1)
by RELSET_1:12;
then E15:
dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) = dom (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))
by E13, RELAT_1:46, TOPMETR:27;
E16:
dom ((c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) +* (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) =
(dom (c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) \/ (dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))))
by FUNCT_4:def 1
.=
[.0,(1 / 2).] \/ [.(1 / 2),1.]
by E11, E12, E14, E15, RELAT_1:46
.=
the
carrier of
I[01]
by BORSUK_1:83, TREAL_1:2
;
E17:
for b
1 being
Real holds
( ( 0
<= b
1 & b
1 <= 1
/ 2 ) implies (
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . b
1 = c
5 . (2 * b1) ) )
proof
let c
12 be
Real;
assume E18:
( 0
<= c
12 & c
12 <= 1
/ 2 )
;
dom (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) = the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,(1 / 2))
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then dom (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) =
[.0,(1 / 2).]
by TOPMETR:25
.=
{ b1 where B is Real : ( 0 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 / 2 ) }
by RCOMP_1:def 1
;
then E19:
c
12 in dom (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))
by E18;
then reconsider c
13 = c
12 as
Point of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,(1 / 2)) by FUNCT_2:def 1;
reconsider c
14 =
(#) 0,1, c
15 = 0,1
(#) as
Real by BORSUK_1:def 17, BORSUK_1:def 18, TREAL_1:8;
(P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) . c
13 =
(((c15 - c14) / ((1 / 2) - 0)) * c12) + ((((1 / 2) * c14) - (0 * c15)) / (1 / 2))
by TREAL_1:14
.=
2
* c
12
by BORSUK_1:def 17, BORSUK_1:def 18, TREAL_1:8
;
hence
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . c
12 = c
5 . (2 * c12)
by E19, FUNCT_1:23;
end;
not 0
in { b1 where B is Real : ( 1 / 2 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) }
proof
assume
0
in { b1 where B is Real : ( 1 / 2 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) }
;
then
ex b
1 being
Real st
( b
1 = 0 & 1
/ 2
<= b
1 & b
1 <= 1 )
;
hence
not verum
;
end;
then
not 0
in dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))
by E12, E15, RCOMP_1:def 1;
then E18:
((c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) +* (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) . 0 =
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . 0
by FUNCT_4:12
.=
c
5 . (2 * 0)
by E17
.=
c
2
by E9, E4
;
E19:
(
rng (c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) c= the
carrier of c
1 &
rng (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) c= the
carrier of c
1 )
by RELSET_1:12;
E20:
rng ((c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) +* (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) c= (rng (c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) \/ (rng (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))))
by FUNCT_4:18;
(rng (c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) \/ (rng (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) c= the
carrier of c
1 \/ the
carrier of c
1
by E19, XBOOLE_1:13;
then
rng ((c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) +* (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))) c= the
carrier of c
1
by E20, XBOOLE_1:1;
then reconsider c
12 =
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) +* (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) as
Function of
I[01] ,c
1 by E16, FUNCT_2:def 1, RELSET_1:11;
reconsider c
13 =
Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,
(1 / 2), c
14 =
Closed-Interval-TSpace (1 / 2),1 as
SubSpace of
I[01] by TOPMETR:27, TREAL_1:6;
E21:
P[01] 0,
(1 / 2),
((#) 0,1),
(0,1 (#) ) is
continuous Function of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,(1 / 2)),
(Closed-Interval-TSpace 0,1)
by TREAL_1:15;
E22:
P[01] (1 / 2),1,
((#) 0,1),
(0,1 (#) ) is
continuous
by TREAL_1:15;
reconsider c
15 = c
5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) as
Function of c
13,c
1 by FUNCT_2:19, TOPMETR:27;
E23:
c
6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) is
Function of the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace (1 / 2),1),the
carrier of c
1
by FUNCT_2:19, TOPMETR:27;
reconsider c
16 = c
6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) as
Function of c
14,c
1 by FUNCT_2:19, TOPMETR:27;
1
/ 2
in { b1 where B is Real : ( 0 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) }
;
then reconsider c
17 = 1
/ 2 as
Point of
I[01] by BORSUK_1:83, RCOMP_1:def 1;
( c
5 is
continuous & c
6 is
continuous )
by E9, E10, E4;
then E24:
( c
15 is
continuous & c
16 is
continuous )
by E21, E22, TOPMETR:27, TOPS_2:58;
E25:
[#] c
13 =
the
carrier of c
13
.=
[.0,(1 / 2).]
by TOPMETR:25
;
E26:
[#] c
14 =
the
carrier of c
14
.=
[.(1 / 2),1.]
by TOPMETR:25
;
then E27:
([#] c13) \/ ([#] c14) =
the
carrier of
I[01]
by E25, BORSUK_1:83, TREAL_1:2
.=
[#] I[01]
;
E28:
for b
1 being
Real holds
( ( 1
/ 2
<= b
1 & b
1 <= 1 ) implies (
(c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . b
1 = c
6 . ((2 * b1) - 1) ) )
proof
let c
18 be
Real;
assume E29:
( 1
/ 2
<= c
18 & c
18 <= 1 )
;
dom (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) = the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace (1 / 2),1)
by FUNCT_2:def 1;
then dom (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) =
[.(1 / 2),1.]
by TOPMETR:25
.=
{ b1 where B is Real : ( 1 / 2 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) }
by RCOMP_1:def 1
;
then E30:
c
18 in dom (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))
by E29;
then reconsider c
19 = c
18 as
Point of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace (1 / 2),1) by FUNCT_2:def 1;
reconsider c
20 =
(#) 0,1, c
21 = 0,1
(#) as
Real by BORSUK_1:def 17, BORSUK_1:def 18, TREAL_1:8;
(P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )) . c
19 =
(((c21 - c20) / (1 - (1 / 2))) * c18) + (((1 * c20) - ((1 / 2) * c21)) / (1 - (1 / 2)))
by TREAL_1:14
.=
(2 * c18) + (- 1)
by BORSUK_1:def 17, BORSUK_1:def 18, TREAL_1:8
.=
(2 * c18) - 1
;
hence
(c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . c
18 = c
6 . ((2 * c18) - 1)
by E30, FUNCT_1:23;
end;
E29: c
15 . (1 / 2) =
c
5 . (2 * (1 / 2))
by E17
.=
c
3
by E9, E4
.=
c
6 . ((2 * (1 / 2)) - 1)
by E10, E4
.=
c
16 . c
17
by E28
;
E30:
([#] c13) /\ ([#] c14) = {c17}
by E25, E26, TOPMETR2:1;
R^1 is
is_T2
by PCOMPS_1:38, TOPMETR:def 7;
then
( c
13 is
compact & c
14 is
compact &
I[01] is
is_T2 & c
15 . c
17 = c
16 . c
17 )
by E29, HEINE:11, TOPMETR:3;
then reconsider c
18 = c
12 as
continuous Function of
I[01] ,c
1 by E24, E27, E30, TOPMETR2:4;
1
in { b1 where B is Real : ( 1 / 2 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) }
;
then
1
in dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))
by E12, E15, RCOMP_1:def 1;
then E31: c
18 . 1 =
(c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . 1
by FUNCT_4:14
.=
c
6 . ((2 * 1) - 1)
by E28
.=
c
4
by E10, E4
;
then
c
2,c
4 are_connected
by E18, E3;
then reconsider c
19 = c
18 as
Path of c
2,c
4 by E18, E31, E4;
for b
1 being
Point of
I[01] holds
( ( b
1 <= 1
/ 2 implies c
19 . b
1 = c
5 . (2 * b1) ) & ( 1
/ 2
<= b
1 implies c
19 . b
1 = c
6 . ((2 * b1) - 1) ) )
proof
let c
20 be
Point of
I[01] ;
E32:
( 0
<= c
20 & c
20 <= 1 )
by E1;
E33:
c
20 is
Real
by XREAL_0:def 1;
thus
( c
20 <= 1
/ 2 implies c
19 . c
20 = c
5 . (2 * c20) )
proof
assume E34:
c
20 <= 1
/ 2
;
then
c
20 in { b1 where B is Real : ( 0 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 / 2 ) }
by E32, E33;
then E35:
c
20 in [.0,(1 / 2).]
by RCOMP_1:def 1;
per cases
not ( not c
20 <> 1
/ 2 & not c
20 = 1
/ 2 )
;
suppose E36:
c
20 <> 1
/ 2
;
not c
20 in dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))
proof
assume
c
20 in dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))
;
then
c
20 in [.0,(1 / 2).] /\ [.(1 / 2),1.]
by E12, E15, E35, XBOOLE_0:def 3;
then
c
20 in {(1 / 2)}
by TOPMETR2:1;
hence
not verum
by E36, TARSKI:def 1;
end;
then c
19 . c
20 =
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . c
20
by FUNCT_4:12
.=
c
5 . (2 * c20)
by E17, E32, E33, E34
;
hence
c
19 . c
20 = c
5 . (2 * c20)
;
end;
suppose E36:
c
20 = 1
/ 2
;
1
/ 2
in { b1 where B is Real : ( 1 / 2 <= b1 & b1 <= 1 ) }
;
then
1
/ 2
in [.(1 / 2),1.]
by RCOMP_1:def 1;
then
1
/ 2
in the
carrier of
(Closed-Interval-TSpace (1 / 2),1)
by TOPMETR:25;
then
c
20 in dom (c6 * (P[01] (1 / 2),1,((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) )))
by E23, E36, FUNCT_2:def 1;
then c
19 . c
20 =
(c5 * (P[01] 0,(1 / 2),((#) 0,1),(0,1 (#) ))) . c
20
by E29, E36, FUNCT_4:14
.=
c
5 . (2 * c20)
by E17, E32, E33, E34
;
hence
c
19 . c
20 = c
5 . (2 * c20)
;
end;
end;
end;
thus
( 1
/ 2
<= c
20 implies c
19 . c
20 = c
6 . ((2 * c20) - 1) )